Belajar mendadak menjelang ujian memang tidak efektif. Paling nggak sebulan sebelum ulangan adalah masa ideal buat mengulang pelajaran. Materi yang banyak bukan masalah. Ada sepuluh cara pintar supaya waktu belajar kita menjadi efektif.
1. Belajar itu memahami bukan sekedar menghapal
Ya, fungsi utama kenapa kita harus belajar adalah memahami hal-hal baru. Kita boleh hapal 100% semua detail pelajaran, tapi yang lebih penting adalah apakah kita sudah mengerti betul dengan semua materi yang dihapal itu. Jadi sebelum menghapal, selalu usahakan untuk memahami dulu garis besar materi pelajaran.
2. Membaca adalah kunci belajar
Supaya kita bisa paham, minimal bacalah materi baru dua kali dalam sehari, yakni sebelum dan sesudah materi itu diterangkan oleh guru. Karena otak sudah mengolah materi tersebut sebanyak tiga kali jadi bisa dijamin bakal tersimpan cukup lama di otak kita.
3. Mencatat pokok-pokok pelajaran
Tinggalkan catatan pelajaran yang panjang. Ambil intisari atau kesimpulan dari setiap pelajaran yang sudah dibaca ulang. Kata-kata kunci inilah yang nanti berguna waktu kita mengulang pelajaran selama ujian.
4. Hapalkan kata-kata kunci
Kadang, mau tidak mau kita harus menghapal materi pelajaran yang lumayan banyak. Sebenarnya ini bisa disiasati. Buatlah kata-kata kunci dari setiap hapalan, supaya mudah diingat pada saat otak kita memanggilnya. Misal, kata kunci untuk nama-nama warna pelangi adalah MEJIKUHIBINIU, artinya merah, jingga, kuning, hijau, biru, nila dan ungu.
5. Pilih waktu belajar yang tepat
Waktu belajar yang paling enak adalah pada saaat badan kita masih segar. Memang tidak semua orang punya waktu belajar enak yang sama lo. Tapi biasanya, pagi hari adalah waktu yang tepat untuk berkonsentrasi penuh. Gunakan saat ini untuk mengolah materi-materi baru. Sisa-sisa energi bisa digunakan untuk mengulang pelajaran dan mengerjakan pekerjaan rumah.
6. Bangun suasana belajar yang nyaman
Banyak hal yang bisa buat suasana belajar menjadi nyaman. Kita bisa pilih lagu yang sesuai dengan mood kita. Tempat belajar juga bisa kita sesuaikan. Kalau sedang bosan di kamar bisa di teras atau di perpustakaan. Kuncinya jangan sampai aktivitas belajar kita mengganggu dan terganggu oleh pihak lain.
7. Bentuk Kelompok Belajar
Kalau lagi bosan belajar sendiri, bisa belajar bareng dengan teman. Tidak usah banyak-banyak karena tidak bakal efektif, maksimal lima orang. Buat pembagian materi untuk dipelajari masing-masing orang. Kemudian setiap orang secara bergilir menerangkan materi yang dikuasainya itu ke seluruh anggota lainnya. Suasana belajar seperti ini biasanya seru dan kita dijamin bakalan susah untuk mengantuk.
8. Latih sendiri kemampuan kita
Sebenarnya kita bisa melatih sendiri kemampuan otak kita. Pada setiap akhir bab pelajaran, biasanya selalu diberikan soal-soal latihan. Tanpa perlu menunggu instruksi dari guru, coba jawab semua pertanyaan tersebut dan periksa sejauh mana kemampuan kita. Kalau materi jawaban tidak ada di buku, cobalah tanya ke guru.
9. Kembangkan materi yang sudah dipelajari
Kalau kita sudah mengulang materi dan menjawab semua soal latihan, jangan langsung tutup buku. Cobalah kita berpikir kritis ala ilmuwan. Buatlah beberapa pertanyaan yang belum disertakan dalam soal latihan. Minta tolong guru untuk menjawabnya. Kalau belum puas, cari jawabannya pada buku referensi lain atau internet. Cara ini mengajak kita untuk selalu berpikir ke depan dan kritis.
10. Sediakan waktu untuk istirahat
Belajar boleh kencang, tapi jangan lupa untuk istirahat. Kalau di kelas, setiap jeda pelajaran gunakan untuk melemaskan badan dan pikiran. Setiap 30-45 menit waktu belajar kita di rumah selalu selingi dengan istirahat. Kalau pikiran sudah suntuk, percuma saja memaksakan diri. Setelah istirahat, badan menjadi segar dan otak pun siap menerima materi baru.
Satu lagi, tujuan dari ulangan dan ujian adalah mengukur sejauh mana kemampuan kita untuk memahami materi pelajaran di sekolah. Selain menjawab soal-soal latihan, ada cara lain untuk mengetes apakah kita sudah paham suatu materi atau belum. Coba kita jelaskan dengan kata-kata sendiri setiap materi yang sudah dipelajari. Kalau kita bisa menerangkan dengan jelas dan teratur, tak perlu detail, berarti kita sudah paham.
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